Name: Urban land cover change 1991-2009

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Description: Supervised classification was performed on orthorectified, 30 m resolution Landsat7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and Landsat5 Thematic Mapper (TM) satellite imagery. The 1991 (L5) and 2001 (L7 ETM+) images were sourced from the Gauteng City Region Observatory (GCRO) whilst the 2009 (L5) dataset was sourced from the Satellite Application Center of CSIR (now South African National Space Agency (SANSA)). The land-use/cover data covers the full extent of the current Gauteng Provincial boundary, including Merafong City Local Municipality incorporated into Gauteng in 2009. The land-use/cover data is provided in vector (shapefiles) data format and in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) georeference, the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) coordinate system. Thematic and spatial accuracy verification and improvements were based on reference to other land-use/cover datasets of higher precision (due to higher spatial resolution or possessing a known higher classification accuracy themselves), such as the GT1 [2009], as well as Google Earth maps. The prior knowledge of the province also proved useful. Land use/cover classes were defined in line with the Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) (UNEP, 2005), the National Land Use Classification and Methodology (Rural Development and Land Reform, 2009) and the classification system adopted by GeoTerraImage in creating the Gauteng Land-Cover Dataset (GTI, 2009). The land-use/cover categories are as follows: 1. Water: Combination of natural open water bodies (e.g. rivers and streams) and man-made open water bodies (e.g. dams, lakes, large reservoirs and return water ponds for tailings dams). 2. Urban (built-up): All built-up areas, inclusive of residential, commercial, industrial and mining infrastructure. It also includes paved transportation infrastructure for major road and rail networks. Reclaimed (cleared and developed) previously mined lands or tailings are classified in this category. 3. Mines: All mining activity areas, inclusive of open cast mining areas, waste and storage dumps, slime dams, excavations and quarries. 4. Vegetated (grassed) previously mined lands or tailings are still classified in this category. 5. Cultivated: All commercial (usually irrigated) and subsistence (primarily non-irrigated) cultivated crops and pasture (grazing or fodder production). It also includes intensive cattle camps. 6. Wetlands: Combination of perennial and non-perennial pans, marshes and vlei. These sub-classes are characterised by grass, reeds, other herbaceous plants and water. 7. Woodlands: Refers to tree and bush dominated areas. It includes dense trees / bush (typically 70 - 100% canopy closure), woodland / open bush (typically 40 – 70% canopy closure), urban woodlands and urban trees (located within the urban area), open bush, plantations and woodlots. 8. Grasslands: Refers to grass dominated areas. It includes grasslands of all types (e.g. urban grasslands, smallholding grasslands, old-lands grasslands, sports and recreation grasslands and wooded grasslands). 9. Bare: Combination of non-vegetated (typified by sparse or poor grass, tree, bush or shrub cover), degraded areas and natural bare rock. Reclaimed (cleared but not yet developed) previously mined lands or tailings are classified in this category. References: Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (2009) Development of a methodology for national land use mapping for Chief Directorate: Geo-spatial Information. Pretoria, Government Printer. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (2005) The Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) version 2: Classification Concepts and User Manual, FAO Environment and Natural Resources Series, No. 8 – FAO. [on-line]. http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/y7220e/y7220e00.htm#Contents [Accessed 10 March 2009]. GeoTerraImage (GTI).

Copyright Text: Brian Mubiwa and Harold J. Annegarn, University of Johannesburg

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